Nozzle for fire-engines and other purposes



(No Model.)

G. OYSTON.

NOZZLE FOR FIRE ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES. No. 280,759.

- Patented July 3, 1883.

INVENTOR U, (w/

' WITNESSES: if

ATTORNEYS.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES OYSTON, or LITTLE FALLS, NEW YORK.

NOZZLE FOR FIRE-ENGINES AND OTHER PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.-280,'759, datedJuly 3, 1883.

Application filed January 15. 1883.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, CHARLES OYSTON, of Little Falls, in the county of Herkimer and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Nozzles for Fire- Engines and other Purposes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention generally relates to that description of nozzles for hose and discharge pip esapplicable, among other purposes or uses, for extinguishing fires, which are capable of being brought into play to divide up and seatter the issuing stream of water by the interposition of wedge-shaped spreaders or dividers, or by the withdrawal of the same to allow the current free and unbroken passage, as in the nozzle for which Letters Patent .No. 39,674 were granted me August 25, 1863. The inven tion, however, more particularly relates to that improvement upon such nozzles for which Letters Patent No. 53,175 were issued to me March 13, 1866, and in which the wedge-shaped spreaders or dividers were arranged insets and made capable by means of suitable operating devices of opening and closing at different periods of ti1ne-that is, first one set and then anotherwhereby different results were produced at will. Such spreading devices have heretofore been constructed of levers, each of which had but a single outer wedge-shaped bent arm or spreader arranged to extend beyond the mouth of the nozzle.

The present invention consists in providing each or any one of the spreader-levers with two or more spreaders, whereby a more effect ive spreading action is produced.

It also consists in a combination, with the nozzle proper and its spreaders, of a retaining-chamber for the water outside of or beyond the nozzle proper, whereby the water is made to leave the spreaders with the same pressure that it leaves the nozzle proper.

The, invention likewise consists in a combination of these two features, and in a special construction of the'back ends of the spreaders to follow up the outer end of the retainingchamber for the purpose of obtaining the full effect of said chamber.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

(No model.)

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectionupon the line in Fig. 2 of a nozzle device embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an outer end view of the same, and Fig. 3 a transverse section thereof on the line y y in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section upon a larger scale, taken on the line 2 z in Fig. 1, of one of the spreaders, looking toward the under or inner side thereof.

A in the drawings indicates the discharge pipe or nozzle proper, which may be of the usual shape or construction, and be provided with a screw-thread, c,- on its inner end, by which it may be secured to a hose or engine or other pipe. Around the outer end of said pipe or nozzle proper, A, is a collar, b, which may either be formed on said pipe or be an in dependent attachment, asshown. This collar is provided with a series of radial slots, 0, to receive the spreader-levers B, each of which has its fulcrum on a pivot, d, in the collar 1), and each of which has its outer end constructed or provided to form the wedge-shaped spreaders B B arranged to extend beyond the mouth of the nozzle proper, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The inner ends of the spreaderlevers B are constructed and arranged to engage with or enter cam-grooves in the outer end or surface of a sleeve, O, which is fitted to turn on the pipe A back of the ring I). The shape of these cam-grooves is shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and is such that when the sleeve 0 is turned on the pipe A, they will cause the several spreaders to close up or open at different periods of tiinethat' is, one set of spreaders, B or B to operate intermittently or successively relatively to the other set, first one set opening or closing and then the other setwhereby the operator is enabled to spread the stream issuing from the pipe A more or less, as he may desire, either set of spreaders only being fully or partially opened or fully or partially closed, or both sets closed or opened at the same time, according to the character of stream required, and which is done by turning the sleeve 0 more or less to the right or left. In the drawings, ten spreader-levers, B, are shown, and by the turning of the sleeve G five of these close or open first, and then the others; but the cam-grooves e maybeconstructed and arranged so as to work inward or outward any number of spreader-levers at a time, and any greater or lesser number of spreader-levers may be used; also, instead of the sleeve 0 having cam-grooves c, any other suitable device may be employed to produce the periodical or intermittent and successive movement of the spreader-s. D is a jacket, secured by a screw, f, or otherwise, to the outer peripheral portion of the ring or collar I), and serving to admit of the movement of the spreaders and their levers within it, and to protect the same from injury. This construct-ion of parts so far, excepting as regards the arrangement on the end of each spreader-lever of spreaders, is substantially the same as that described in my patent of March 13, 1866, hereinbeforereferred to; but by providing each or any ofthe spreader-levers with. wedge-shaped spreader-s B or B having open spaces 8 in between them, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, a much more effective and diversified spreading action for a given number of levers is obtained. Furthermore, attached by screw-thread or otherwise to the outer end of the nozzleproper or pipe, A-as, for instance, by the collarb, arranged to screw onto said pipe Ais atubular or what I term a retaining chamber, E, arranged to extend outward within the levers B and as far as'the inner surfaces of the backs h of the spreaders B B when closed. This chamber serves to re tain or hold the water at the same pressure without scattering till it reaches the spreaders as it had when issuing from the pipe or nozzle proper, A, thus preserving the full force of the stream till split or divided by the spreaders. The backs h of the spreaders are constructed to form sectional continuations of the outer end of the chamber E when the spreaders are closed, and said backs are collectively of such length or width that when all the spreaders are closed they virtually form a close continuation of the outer end of said chamber E, thus insuring the retention of the water under the same pressure as when it escapes from the pipe A till it leaves the spreaders.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a nozzle device forhose or pipe wherein adjust-able levers B are used, the combination, with each lever, of the spreader consisting of two arms, B, with their divergent ends projecting from the lever and their outer convergent ends spaced a short distance apart, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the discharge pipe or nozzle A and the retentionchamber E, of

the spreader-lever B, each provided with a bifurcated wedge-shaped spreader, B, with its back adapted to form a continuation of the retention-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the discharge pipe or nozzle A and the spreader-levers B, of the spreaders B B having backs h, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with the retention-chamber E, the spreaders B B", provided with backs h, constructed to form continuations of the outer end of said chamber when the spreaders are closed, essentially as and for the purpose specified.

OHARLES OYSION.

Vitnesses:

JA MES HART, JAMES B. HART. 

